USB device not recognized keeps popping up windows 11​

The “USB Device Not Recognized” error message in Windows 11 can be a frustrating issue. It can prevent you from using external hard drives, USB flash drives, printers, keyboards, mice, and other USB – connected devices. This error can occur due to a variety of reasons, including software glitches, driver problems, hardware failures, or incorrect USB settings.

1. Common Causes of the “USB Device Not Recognized” Error

1.1 Driver Issues

Outdated Drivers: Device drivers are software components that allow the operating system to communicate with hardware devices. If the USB driver is outdated, it may not be able to properly recognize and interact with the connected USB device. For example, a USB 3.0 external hard drive may require an updated driver to function at its full speed and compatibility in Windows 11.

Corrupted Drivers: Drivers can become corrupted due to various reasons such as improper installation, system crashes, or malware infections. A corrupted driver can send incorrect signals to the operating system, leading to the “USB Device Not Recognized” error.

1.2 Hardware Problems

Faulty USB Device: The USB device itself may be damaged. Physical damage to the USB connector, internal circuitry of the device, or wear and tear over time can cause it to malfunction. For instance, a USB cable that has been bent or frayed may not be able to establish a proper connection between the device and the computer.

USB Port Issues: The USB ports on the computer can also be a source of the problem. Dust, debris, or physical damage to the ports can prevent the proper connection of USB devices. If a port has been used extensively and has loose contacts, it may not be able to supply the necessary power or data transfer capabilities.

1.3 Software Conflicts

Windows Updates: Sometimes, a recent Windows 11 update can introduce compatibility issues with USB devices. The update may change the way the operating system interacts with drivers or the USB subsystem, resulting in devices not being recognized.

Conflicting Applications: There may be other software applications running on the computer that conflict with the USB device’s operation. For example, a security software that has overly strict access controls may prevent the operating system from properly detecting and initializing a USB device.

2. Troubleshooting Steps

2.1 Basic Hardware Checks

Inspect the USB Device and Cable:

Physically examine the USB device and its cable for any signs of damage. Look for frayed wires, bent connectors, or cracks in the device’s casing. If you find any damage, try replacing the cable or the device if possible.

Ensure that the USB device is properly plugged into the computer’s USB port. Sometimes, a loose connection can cause the “USB Device Not Recognized” error. Try unplugging and re – plugging the device firmly into the port.

Test with Different USB Ports:

If your computer has multiple USB ports, try plugging the USB device into a different port. This will help you determine if the problem is with a specific port. Some computers have different types of USB ports (e.g., USB 2.0 and USB 3.0), and the device may work better in one type over the other.

2.2 Update or Reinstall USB Drivers

Update Drivers through Device Manager:

Press the Windows key + X and select “Device Manager” from the menu.

In the Device Manager window, expand the “Universal Serial Bus controllers” category.

Right – click on the USB device that is not recognized (it may be listed with a yellow exclamation mark) and select “Update driver.”

Follow the on – screen instructions to search for and install the latest driver. You can choose to search automatically for updated driver software or browse your computer for the driver files if you have them downloaded.

Reinstall Drivers:

If updating the driver does not work, you can try reinstalling it. In the Device Manager, right – click on the USB device and select “Uninstall device.” Confirm the uninstallation and then restart your computer. When the computer boots up, Windows 11 will automatically reinstall the driver for the USB device.

2.3 Check for Windows Updates

Run Windows Update:

Press the Windows key + I to open the Settings app.

Select “Windows Update” in the left – panel.

Click on “Check for updates.” Windows 11 will search for available updates, including driver updates and system patches.

If updates are found, install them and then check if the USB device is recognized. Sometimes, Microsoft releases updates to fix USB – related compatibility issues.

2.4 Disable and Re – enable USB Controllers

Using Device Manager:

Open the Device Manager as described earlier.

Expand the “Universal Serial Bus controllers” category.

Right – click on each USB controller one by one and select “Disable device.”

After disabling all the USB controllers, right – click on the first disabled controller and select “Enable device.” Repeat this process for all the controllers. This can help reset the USB subsystem and sometimes resolve the recognition issue.

2.5 Check for Power Management Settings

Adjust Power Management for USB:

Open the Device Manager and expand the “Universal Serial Bus controllers” category.

Right – click on the USB Root Hub (there may be multiple depending on your computer’s configuration) and select “Properties.”

In the Properties window, go to the “Power Management” tab.

Uncheck the option “Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power.” This setting can sometimes cause issues with USB device recognition, especially if the computer is trying to conserve power and shutting down the USB port prematurely.

3. Advanced Troubleshooting

3.1 Check for System File Corruption

Run System File Checker:

Open the Command Prompt as an administrator. You can do this by searching for “Command Prompt” in the Start menu, right – clicking on it, and selecting “Run as administrator.”

In the Command Prompt, type the command “sfc /scannow” and press Enter. The System File Checker will scan your system for corrupted or missing files and attempt to repair them. This process may take some time, depending on the size of your system and the extent of the damage.

After the scan is complete, restart your computer and check if the USB device is recognized.

3.2 Use the Hardware and Devices Troubleshooter

Launch the Troubleshooter:

Press the Windows key + I to open the Settings app.

Select “Update & Security.”

In the left – panel, select “Troubleshoot.”

Scroll down and find the “Hardware and Devices” troubleshooter. Click on it and then select “Run the troubleshooter.”

The troubleshooter will scan your system for hardware – related problems, including USB device recognition issues, and attempt to fix them. Follow the on – screen instructions provided by the troubleshooter.

3.3 Check for BIOS/UEFI Updates

Access the BIOS/UEFI:

Restart your computer and during the boot – up process, press the key specified by your computer’s manufacturer to enter the BIOS/UEFI setup (common keys include F2. Del, or Esc).

Once in the BIOS/UEFI, look for an option to update the firmware. The exact location and process may vary depending on the motherboard manufacturer.

If an update is available, follow the instructions to install it. BIOS/UEFI updates can sometimes fix USB – related issues by improving the system’s hardware compatibility and power management.