Unknown usb device descriptor request failed windows 10​

I. Unknown USB Device (Descriptor Request Failed)

When you encounter the “Unknown USB Device (Descriptor Request Failed)” error in Windows 10. it can be a frustrating experience. This error typically occurs when there is a problem with the communication between the USB device and the computer’s operating system during the device initialization process. The USB device descriptor is a crucial piece of information that the device provides to the computer to identify itself and its capabilities. When the computer fails to retrieve this descriptor properly, it results in the “Unknown USB Device” error message.

II. Common Causes

A. Faulty USB Cable

One of the most common causes is a damaged or faulty USB cable. The cable might have internal wire breaks or loose connections. For example, if the cable has been bent or twisted repeatedly, the wires inside can become damaged. This can disrupt the electrical signals that carry the device descriptor information from the USB device to the computer. A simple test to determine if the cable is the issue is to try a different USB cable with the same device.

B. USB Port Problems

The USB ports on the computer can also be a source of the problem. Physical damage to the port, such as bent pins or debris inside the port, can prevent proper communication. Dust, lint, or other small particles can accumulate inside the USB port over time and interfere with the connection. Additionally, the USB port might be malfunctioning due to a hardware issue. For instance, if the port’s controller on the motherboard is damaged, it can lead to problems with device recognition.

C. Outdated or Corrupted Drivers

USB device drivers play a vital role in the proper functioning of USB devices. Outdated drivers may not be compatible with the latest Windows 10 updates or the specific USB device. For example, if a device manufacturer releases a new version of a USB – enabled printer, and the computer still has the old driver installed, it might not be able to communicate with the printer correctly. Corrupted drivers can also occur due to software conflicts, improper installations, or virus/malware infections.

D. Power Supply Issues

Some USB devices require a sufficient power supply to function properly. If the USB port is not providing enough power, the device may not be able to send its descriptor information. This is especially common with high – power – consuming devices like external hard drives or USB – powered monitors. For example, if you connect an external hard drive to a USB hub that is not self – powered and the computer’s USB port doesn’t provide enough power, the device might not initialize correctly.

III. Troubleshooting Steps

A. Check the USB Cable and Connections

Visual Inspection:

Examine the USB cable for any visible signs of damage. Look for frayed wires, kinks, or cuts in the cable’s outer casing. If you notice any of these, it’s likely that the cable is faulty and needs to be replaced.

Reconnect the Device:

Unplug the USB device from the computer and then plug it back in. Make sure it is inserted firmly into the USB port. Sometimes, a loose connection can cause the “Unknown USB Device” error. Try different USB ports on the computer to see if the problem persists.

B. Clean the USB Ports

Use Compressed Air:

Purchase a can of compressed air and use it to blow out any dust or debris from the USB ports. Hold the can at an appropriate distance (usually a few inches) from the port and give short bursts of air. This can help remove any particles that might be interfering with the connection.

Inspect for Physical Damage:

After cleaning, take a close look at the USB ports for any bent pins. If you find bent pins, it’s a more serious issue. In some cases, you might be able to carefully straighten the pins using a small tool like a pair of tweezers. However, if the damage is severe, you may need to have the port repaired or use an external USB hub.

C. Update or Reinstall USB Device Drivers

Automatic Driver Update:

Windows 10 has a built – in feature to update drivers. You can go to the Device Manager by right – clicking on the Start button and selecting “Device Manager”. In the Device Manager window, find the “Universal Serial Bus controllers” category. Right – click on the USB device that is showing the error and select “Update driver”. Then follow the on – screen instructions to let Windows search for and install the latest driver.

Manual Driver Update:

If the automatic update doesn’t work, you can visit the manufacturer’s website of the USB device. Look for the support or downloads section on their website and find the latest driver for your specific device model. Download and install the driver according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Driver Re – installation:

Sometimes, reinstalling the driver can solve the problem. In the Device Manager, right – click on the USB device and select “Uninstall device”. Then restart your computer. After the computer restarts, Windows will attempt to reinstall the driver automatically.

D. Check Power Supply to the USB Device

Use a Self – Powered USB Hub:

If the USB device requires a lot of power, consider using a self – powered USB hub. These hubs have their own power supply and can provide sufficient power to the device. Connect the USB device to the self – powered hub and then connect the hub to the computer’s USB port.

Check Computer’s Power Settings:

Some computers have power – saving settings that can limit the power supplied to USB ports. You can adjust these settings to ensure that enough power is available to the USB device. Go to the Control Panel, then to “Power Options”. Select the power plan you are using and click on “Change plan settings”. Then click on “Change advanced power settings”. Look for the “USB settings” option and adjust the power settings as needed.

IV. Advanced Troubleshooting

A. Check for Windows Updates

Windows updates often include patches and improvements for USB device compatibility. Make sure your Windows 10 operating system is up to date. You can go to the Settings app, select “Update & Security”, and then click on “Check for updates”. If there are updates available, install them and then check if the USB device is recognized properly.

B. Use System File Checker (SFC)

The System File Checker is a Windows utility that can scan for and repair corrupted system files. Open the Command Prompt as an administrator. To do this, right – click on the Start button and select “Command Prompt (Admin)”. In the Command Prompt window, type “sfc /scannow” and press Enter. The SFC tool will scan your system for any corrupted files and attempt to repair them. This process may take some time, and after it’s completed, you can check if the USB device error is resolved.

C. Check for Hardware Conflicts

In the Device Manager, look for any yellow exclamation marks or red Xs next to other devices. These indicate possible hardware conflicts. If there is a conflict with another device that might be affecting the USB device, you may need to troubleshoot the other device first. For example, if there is a conflict between a network adapter and a USB device due to an IRQ (Interrupt Request) conflict, you might need to adjust the IRQ settings in the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) or through other means to resolve the conflict.